Furnace for pulverous fuel.



K. H. V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL. APPLICATION min JULY 15.1913.

ille a W w. I V .l l-lliilllllilL Patented June 12, 1917.

5 SHEETSSHEET I K. H.- V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL.APPLICATION FILED JULY 15. I913.

Patented m 12, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

K. H'. V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL. APPLICATION FILED JULY15, fans.

Patented June 12, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

M w W M S ES K. H. V. VON PORAT. FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL. APPLICATIONFILED JULY 15, 1913.

Patented June 12, 1917.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5- r L I H MFWESSPE KARL HJALMAIR, VILHELM VON PORAT, OFSTOCKSUND, SWEDEN.

FURNACE FOR PULVEROUS FUEL.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 12, 191W.

. i Application filed July 15, 1913. Serial No. 779,161.

To all whom it may camera:

Be it known that I, KARL HJALMAn VIL: HELM VON PORAT, a subject of theKing of Sweden, and resident of Villa Karlsro,-

Stocksund, in the Kingdom of Sweden, have invented certain new anduseful Improvements in Furnaces for Pulverous Fuel, of which thefollowing is a specification, reference being had therein to theaccompanying drawings.

The present high cost of pit coal, which possibly may be yet increased,renders the use of the cheaper peat fuel, viz: pulverous peat, for thestoking of locomotives particularly desirable, especially as the saidfuel can now be easily obtained in great quantitities and of excellentquality. Besides the economical gain the said fueLor firing with thesame, involves the advantage, that thecharging of the furnace canbe-efi'ected automatically and in an adjustable manner in accordancewith the steam consumption and that scarcely any smoke is generated. Thefurnace as well as the fuel charging device must, however, be arrangedin a manner suitable for the said purpose, so thatvthe pulverous fuel isignited rapidly, having entered the furnace, and is burnt completely.Furthermore, a suitable arrangement must be provided for the effectingand maintaining. of an igniting fire, when necessary, which. fire isindependent of the ordinary firing'with pulverous fuel and the object ofwhich is to maintain the heat in the furnace during long interruptionsinthe running of the train as at stations, during which periods thefeeding of the pulverous fuel into the furnacemust be stopped. Thisforms the object of the present.invention. The pulverous peat iscontained in a funnelshaped receptacle located on the tender or thelocomotive and falls down a pipe or tube communicating with the furnace,in which tube it"is conveyed partly by the draft in the furnace partlyby an injector, actuated by steam, compressed air or the like; The saidtube fits tightly to the rearend wall of thefurnace, so that no air canenter the furnace atthe joint.

tube an inlet opening for the outer air is.

At the inlet end of the provided. Owing to one or more pieces or vaultsof fire-proof material built up in the drawings.

furnace the latter has the shape of a comparatively narrow channel,which has a comparatively great length by extending forward and backwardlongitudinally of the furnace. 1n the said channel, which forms, so tosay, an extension of the said tube, the powder is heated and ignitedrapidly and directly upon its entrance into the same due to the factthat the inlet end of the channel is strongly heated also by the flame,which passes through the channel, surrounding the outer side of theinlet end of the channel. The complete combustion of the fuel iseffected partly in the fore part of the channel partly in the tubes ofthe boiler. The vault or vaults may be arranged in different manners andsome forms of the same are shown as examples in the accompanyingPreferably two vaults are provided one above the other, the lower vaulthaving fully or partially the same Width as the furnace and the topvault having the same width asthe furnace. The furnace is provided atits front part or rear part and comparatively near its bottom with asuitable fire boX, grate or the like for the fire, mentioned above. Forthe fire last mentioned solid, liquid or gaseous fuel may be used. Forthe liquid or gaseous fuel a conduit is provided, communicating with thefire box.

Figures 1, 2 and 3 show one form of the invention. Fig. 1 is alongitudinal section of the furnace.

Fig. 2 is a cross section of the same partially on the line A-B andpartially on the line CD of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section of the furnace. Further forms are shownin Figs. 4 to 6 inclusive, 7 and 8, 9 to 11 inclusive, 12 and 13, and 14and 15 respectively. Figs. 16 to 18 inclusive and Figs. 19, 21 show twofurnace modifications. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal section.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section partially on the line EF and partially on theline GH of Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on the line ]l-K of Fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinal section.

. Fig. 8 is a cross-section on the line LM of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section.

Fig. 10 is a cross-section on the line NO of Fig. 9.

Fig. 11 is a horizontal section on the line P-Q of Fig. 9.

Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section. Fig. 13 is a horizontal section onthe line A 1 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 15 is a horizontal section onthe line C -D of Fig. 14:.

Fig. 16 is a longitudinal section and Fig. 17 is a cross sectionpartially on the line A B and partially on the line C -D of Fig. 16. v

Fig. 18 is a horizontal section on the line E'F of Fig. 16.

Fig. 19 shows a mouth piece.

The furnace, Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, comprises the central, hollow vault1, which extends from the rear end wall of the furnace and the fore endof which is free, the said vault forming the channel 2, into which runsthe fuel, and the top vault 3. The vault 3 has the same width as thefurnace and extends substantially along the fore half part of thefurnace and embraces the vault 1. Between the side walls of the vault 1,extending downward to the bottom of the furnace and the side walls ofthe fur nace free spaces are provided. The rear end of the top vault 3is connected partially with the vault 1 but the rest of the said vault 3is free at its lower side as well as at its top side. tained in a funnelshaped receptacle 5 provided on the tender 4 and runs down from theoutlet opening 6 of the receptacle into a pipe or tube 7, the end ofwhich is bent upward and formed as a funnel 8 located under the outletopening 6. The said opening is provided with a control device for thefeeding of the powder into the funnel 8. The fore end of the tube 7extends through the shell 9 and fits tightly to the same, and also intoa passage 10 extending inward toward the channel 2. The pipe 7 ends in awide mouth piece 18. The air for combustion passes into the shell 9.which extends forward under the furnace and covers the greatest part ofthe rear end wall of the same. The said shell 9 is provided with aregulating damper 11. Under the passage 10, the bottom 33 of whichconsists of a plane surface, a small fire box 12 for solid fuel isprovided, which opens into the channel 2 and is used when wanted. [inair channel 3% communicates with the said fire box 12. Liquid or gaseousfuel may be forced through a pipe 13 into the furnaceabove the fire box12. An injector 14. communicates with the fore end of the tube 7, whichinjector is connected with the steam boiler, a receptacle containingcompressed air, or the like, and sucks the fuel to the The pulverousfuel is confurnace and spreads it in the same. Even in the channel 2 thepowder, forced into the same, is ignited owing to the fact that thechannel 2 is strongly heated by the flame inclosing the same. The flame,when leaving the channel 2, returns upward and backward, under the vault3, passing along the top as well as the lateral sides of the vault 1 andin contact with the same. The flame then turns again and passes forwardover the vault 3 to the tubes of the steam boiler and into the same.Consequently, the flame is in contact with the lower side as Well as thetop side of the vault 3. Owing to the fact that the powder immediatelyat its entrance into the channel comes into contact with very heatedsurfaces, it is ignited rapidly, a continual and complete combustion ofthe same being effected. The feeding of the fuel is continuous but maybe interrupted for very long periods Without any special measures beingnecessary forthe re-ignition of the same, as the feeding is againstarted. The feeding of the powder can be adjusted by increasing ordecreasing the draft in the ordinary manner by means of the steam jetblower, provided in the chimney, the injector, the feeding deviceprovided in the receptacle 5, and the damper 11, the opening-of which toa greater or less extent results in the suction 1n the tube 7 beingdecreased and increased respectively. The rear end of the tube 7, behindthe funnel 8, is open at '15, so that air can enter the tube behind theinlet for the fuel. In order that the surface of the channel or thevault may be acted upon and heated more effectively by the flame, thechannel is provided with transverse offsets, as shown in the top vault 3in Fig. 1. The said ofl'sets may be effected by the vault being built upby means of pieces 35 (stones) the size of which is adapted for thepurpose, as also shown in the said figure, see also Fig. 7. Verticalpartitions may be provided between thevaults 1 and 3 or above or underthe same, so that there are two or more channels abreast and so on.Openings or passages 20 are provided in the bottom of the furnace ateach side of the vault 1, Fig. 3, admitting air into the furnace, whichwill strike the flame leaving the channel 2. lVith the channel 2communicates a passage 25 which is provided in the bottom wall of thechannel immediately in front of the inlet end of the same and throughwhich air can enter the channel from below.

In Figs. l to 6 inclusive the top vault 3 is free with relation to thelower vault 1, so that the flame is in contact with the whole topsurface of the vault 1. in Figs. 7 and 8 the vault 1 is connected withthe side walls of the furnace, so that the width of the channel 2 isgreater than that of the channel 2 shown in Figs. 2 and 5. The

tubes 27, through which the exhaust steam passes and between which theair passes to the furnace, as shown by the arrow, thus absorbing heatfrom the said tubes.

In Figs. 9 to 11 inclusive the top vault does not extend to the end wallof the boiler,

from which the tubes of the boiler extend forward, but the said vaultextendsdownward to the bottom of the furnace, the fore end. being thusclosed. -The vaults are located in a suitable casing 16 of sheet metal,so that they can easily be inserted into the furnace and withdrawn fromthe same as a whole. Such an arrangement maybe provided also in theotherforms of execution of the invention. In Figs. 12 and 13 the fore end ofthe lower vault 1 is so wide, that it extends to the side walls of thefurnace, the rear end of the vault on the other hand is narrower, sothat the vault has in part the same width as the furnace. Furthermore,

the said vault 1 is free at its top and bottom l der.

side's. Consequently, the flamecan pass the walls of the vault 2 outsidethe same and in contact with both its top and bottom sides and itslateral sides. In Figs. 12 and 13 an air inlet opening 21 with a damper22 is provided above the inlet tube 7 forthe pow- If the damper 22 isopened, the air passes into the channel 2 in the direction indicated bythe arrows. In Figs. 14 and 15 a grate 23 for a'solid fuel is providedbehind the vault 1. The said fuel is stoked through an opening closed bythe shutter 24:. In this case the grate 23 forms 'the bottom of the firebox. In'the construction shown in Figs. 14 and 15 the rear end of thevault 1 is locatedat some distance from the rear end wall of thefur-nace and extends downward thus forming a downward extending channel2. The channel 2 communicates with an air channel 9. The pulverous fuelis forced I from below into the channel 2 through the tube 7.

In Figs. 16 to 18 inclusive the inlet opening or channel 25 for thepulverous fuel is provided in the lower part of the rear end 2 wall ofthe furnace and the fire box 12 is located in front of the same, at thebottom.

The fore end of the pipe 7 extends from below upward into the channel25, into which the air can also pass from the channel 9,

' through the damper 40 and through the space between the pipe 7 and thesaid end wall. Consequently, the pipe 7 acts like an injector, andforces the air into the channel 25. 'The powder is forced into thefurnace by air under pressure or steam, passing through the pipe 26. Thepowder passes also through the fire box 12 and over the bridge 17 of thesame, and, consequently, the ignition of the same may, if desired, beeffected by fire being simultaneously maintained in the box. Throughanother damper 41, provided under the fire-box 12, air can pass into thesaid fire box and is controlled by the damper. A vertical partitionwall28 connects the vaultl and the bridge 17, so that the vault is supportedalso from below.

The furnace should be so shaped or arranged, if possible, that thesurface of the channel is so long and is sufficiently charged- ,withair, that the fuel is burnt completely. A characteristic feature of theinvention also consists in the manner, in which the air is led into thefurnace, vi'z. partly through the dampers 11 and 22, partly through thetube 7, and also through the channel 25 or the openings 20 and theinjector combined with the tube 7. One or more tubes 7 may be used. Thecontracted, tube like shape of the inlet end of the channel 2 is ofgreat importance for the ignition of the fuel. The device feeding thefuel into the furnace is connected with the device for admitting thesteam into the working cylinders or the steam jet blower provided in thechimney in such manner, that the feeding device starts operatingautomatically, as the steam is admitted. A similar arrangement may beprovided for the admitting of air, steam, liquid fuel or the like to thepulverous fuel. The furnace described above may be used also instationary steam boilers and the like.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is.

1. In a furnace for burning pulverous fuel, a channel, built ofrefractory material, a .vault above said channel, means for introducingthe fuel into said channel, free spaces on both sides of the channelbetween the walls of the channel and the furnace wall, the vaultextending over the front part of the channel and the said free spaces soas fuel, a channel, built of refractory material, a vault above saidchannel, means for introducing the fuel into said channel, free spaceson both sides of the channel between the Walls of the channel and thefurnace wall, the vault extending over the front part of the channel andthe said free spaces so as to form backwardly leading channels on vaultabove said channel, means for introducing the fuel into said channel,free spaces on both sides of the channel between the Walls of thechannel and the furnace Wall, the vault extending over the front part ofthe channel and the said free spaces so as to form backwardly leadingchannels on both sides of'the first channel, means for causing the gasesto pass said backwardly leading channels for the purpose of being cooledbefore passing forwardly over the vault, an independent fire box, andmeans for causing both the gases resulting from the burning of thepulverous fuel as well as the gases coming from the fire box to passboth the upper and lower sides of the vault.

4:. In a furnace for burning pulverous fuel, a downwardly extendingvault having a channel therein, means for introducing the fuel into theupper end of said channel, a second vault overlapping but spaced fromthe first mentioned vault, means for igniting the fuel, free spaces onboth sides of the first mentioned vault between this latter and thefurnace wall, the last mentioned vault extending over the front part ofthe channel and the free spaces so as to form backwardly leadingchannels on both sides of the first channel, means for causing the gasesto pass said backwardly leading channels for the purpose of being cooledbefore passing forwardly over the vault.

I In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence ofsubscribing witnesses.

KARL HJALMAR VILHELM VON PORAT. Witnesses:

AXEL EHRUCE, GRETA PRIM.

